This paper describes the phenomenon of induced atmospheric overvoltages on power lines and low-voltage systems and protection against their harmful effects. The introductory chapter of the thesis describes its task. The second chapter defines overvoltage and its division into classes according to IEC 60071-1. The types and causes of transient overvoltages are also given. Special attention is paid to atmospheric overvoltages. The third chapter describes the formation of lightning and the electromagnetic field of the lightning return stroke. The lightning return stroke is responsible for inducing currents and voltages on lines. A chaining model is also given that describes the interaction of electromagnetic fields on lines. The fourth chapter describes the numerical models developed so far in the world for modeling induced atmospheric overvoltages. The fifth chapter provides examples of the implementation of Agrawal’s model in the ATP-EMTP software package. Simulations were made for different distances of lightning strikes from lines. The shape of the voltage on a ZnO arrester during induced overvoltages on lines is also shown. Chapter 6 discusses the influence of parameters on the shape of the induced electromagnetic pulse. The shape is influenced by many parameters, and the influence of the ground is particularly significant. Chapter 7 contains basic instructions for protection against LEMP. The division into protective zones and standard procedures for establishing electromagnetic compatibility of the object being protected are described.