The main idea of the thesis was to get to know the dynamic characteristics of impulse earthing switches in more detail. Knowledge of the dynamic characteristics themselves is of great importance when modeling earthing systems. The special significance of these characteristics comes to the fore in the earthing of power systems (earthing switches for overhead line poles, earthing switches for antenna poles, etc.), and from atmospheric discharges. Namely, it is precisely during these very fast transient phenomena, i.e. at high lightning current gradients, that the dynamic characteristics of the earthing switch come into play. The behavior of the earthing system in these transient states must be known in order to achieve high-quality protection, i.e. to meet safety standards. The second chapter provides a description of various earthing designs, as well as the influence of soil characteristics, i.e. specific soil resistance. Different values of this resistance are given for different types of soil. The third chapter presents an analytical description of the behavior of the earthing system for different time states, i.e. an analysis of parameters in a stationary or transitional or transient state. The designs of different geometries of grounding systems are observed. The fourth chapter is an introduction to the numerical solution of the problem. Namely, the definition of parameters is carried out, the discretization of the finite element is carried out, and other steps necessary for a discrete description of the state are carried out. Three different designs of grounding are observed, i.e. a horizontal strip, and two designs of conductors in the shape of a rectangle. In the fifth, final chapter, the results obtained experimentally, as well as the results achieved through other numerical models, are compared with the results of the numerical program used in the diploma thesis. Interpretations of examples are presented and conclusions are drawn.